Pneumonia in Dogs: Common Symptoms to Look Out For

Pneumonia in dogs can be a serious condition that affects their respiratory system, leading to significant health issues if not promptly addressed. Understanding the common symptoms of pneumonia in dogs can help you identify the illness early and seek veterinary care quickly. At Frontier Veterinary Urgent Care in Milwaukee, WI, we are dedicated to providing you with the information needed to keep your dog healthy and happy. If you notice any concerning symptoms, call us at 262-226-2055 for immediate assistance.

What is Pneumonia in Dogs?

Pneumonia in dogs is an inflammation of the lungs and lower respiratory tract caused by infections (viral, bacterial, fungal, or parasitic), foreign bodies, or other underlying health conditions. This inflammation can lead to difficulty breathing, lethargy, fever, inappetence, and other serious symptoms that require veterinary attention. Early detection and treatment are crucial in managing pneumonia in dogs effectively.

Symptoms of Pneumonia in Dogs

Recognizing the symptoms of pneumonia in dogs is essential for timely intervention. Here are some common signs to watch for:

Persistent Cough

A persistent, often wet-sounding cough is one of the most noticeable symptoms of pneumonia in dogs. This cough may produce mucus or be dry and hacking, depending on the underlying cause of the inflammation. If your dog has been coughing for several days without improvement, it’s important to seek veterinary care.

Difficulty Breathing

Dogs with pneumonia may exhibit labored or rapid breathing, often accompanied by wheezing or crackling sounds. You might notice your dog breathing with an open mouth or using abdominal muscles to help move air in and out of their lungs. These signs indicate that your dog is struggling to breathe and needs immediate veterinary attention.

Nasal Discharge

Nasal discharge, which can be clear, yellow, or green, is another common symptom of pneumonia in dogs. This discharge may be accompanied by sneezing or congestion, making it difficult for your dog to breathe through their nose. Persistent or worsening nasal discharge should prompt a visit to your veterinarian.

Fever and Lethargy

Dogs with pneumonia often develop a fever as their body fights off the infection. This fever can cause lethargy, decreased appetite, and a general sense of malaise. If your dog is unusually tired, not eating, or seems unwell, these could be signs of pneumonia.

Blue-tinged Gums

In severe cases of pneumonia, dogs may develop cyanosis, where their gums and mucous membranes appear blue or purple due to a lack of oxygen in the blood. This is a medical emergency, and you should seek immediate veterinary care if you notice this symptom.

Vomiting and Weight Loss

Pneumonia can also cause gastrointestinal symptoms such as vomiting and weight loss. The stress and physical strain of breathing difficulties can lead to a decreased appetite and subsequent weight loss. If your dog is losing weight rapidly or vomiting frequently, it’s important to consult your veterinarian.

Causes of Pneumonia in Dogs

Understanding the causes of pneumonia in dogs can help in preventing the condition and recognizing potential risks. Here are some common causes:

Bacterial Infections

Bacterial infections are a leading cause of pneumonia in dogs. Bacteria such as Bordetella bronchiseptica, Streptococcus, and Mycoplasma can invade the respiratory system, leading to inflammation and infection. Dogs in close contact with other dogs, such as in kennels or daycare facilities, are at higher risk.

Viral Infections

Viruses such as canine influenza and canine distemper can also cause pneumonia in dogs. These viruses compromise the respiratory system, making it easier for secondary bacterial infections to take hold. Vaccination can help reduce the risk of these viral infections.

Fungal Infections

Fungal infections, though less common, can also cause pneumonia in dogs. Fungi such as Blastomyces, Histoplasma, and Coccidioides can infect the lungs, particularly in dogs living in areas where these fungi are prevalent. Early diagnosis and treatment are crucial for fungal pneumonia.

Diagnosis of Pneumonia in Dogs

Accurate diagnosis of pneumonia in dogs involves a combination of clinical examination and diagnostic tests. Here’s what to expect:

Physical Examination

Your veterinarian will conduct a thorough physical examination, listening to your dog’s lungs for abnormal sounds and checking for signs of respiratory distress. A detailed medical history will also be taken to identify potential causes and risk factors.

Diagnostic Imaging

X-rays are commonly used to diagnose pneumonia in dogs. They can reveal lung inflammation, fluid buildup, and other abnormalities. In some cases, an ultrasound or CT scan may be necessary for a more detailed assessment.

Laboratory Tests

Blood tests, including a complete blood count (CBC) and biochemistry profile, can help identify infections and evaluate your dog’s overall health. Your veterinarian may also recommend a tracheal wash or bronchoalveolar lavage to collect samples from the lower respiratory tract for further analysis. In many cases, this is performed with a veterinary Internal Medicine specialist.

Treatment and Management of Pneumonia in Dogs

Treatment for pneumonia in dogs typically involves addressing the underlying cause and providing supportive care. Here are common treatment options:

Antibiotics and Antifungals

If a bacterial or fungal infection is identified, your veterinarian will prescribe appropriate antibiotics or antifungal medications. It’s important to complete the full course of treatment, even if your dog’s symptoms improve, to ensure the infection is fully eradicated.

Hospitalization and Oxygen Therapy

In severe cases, hospitalization may be necessary to provide intensive care and monitoring. Oxygen therapy can help improve your dog’s breathing and ensure adequate oxygen levels in their blood. Intravenous fluids and medications may also be administered to support your dog’s recovery, especially if they have a fever or are not eating or drinking.

Home Care and Follow-up

Once your dog is stable, your veterinarian will provide instructions for home care, including medication administration and activity restrictions. Regular follow-up visits will be scheduled to monitor your dog’s progress and adjust treatment as needed.

When to Seek Veterinary Care

Knowing when to seek veterinary care for pneumonia in dogs can make a significant difference in their recovery. If you observe any of the symptoms mentioned, or if your dog’s condition worsens, contact Frontier Veterinary Urgent Care in Milwaukee, WI, immediately at 262-226-2055.

Supporting Your Dog’s Recovery

Pneumonia in dogs can be a serious condition, but with prompt veterinary care and proper management, most dogs recover fully. Stay vigilant for any signs of respiratory illness, and don’t hesitate to reach out to your veterinarian if you have any concerns about your dog’s health. Supporting your dog’s recovery from pneumonia involves providing a comfortable environment and adhering to your veterinarian’s recommendations. Keep your dog calm and stress-free, and ensure they have a warm, quiet space to rest. Provide a balanced diet and plenty of fresh water to help them regain their strength. For more information or to schedule an appointment, call Frontier Veterinary Urgent Care at 262-226-2055.